Ключи предназначены исключительно для самопроверки. Любой язык предполагает возможность выразить одну и ту же мысль несколькими способами, поэтому всегда лучше думать самостоятельно и обращаться к готовым ответам лишь в случае затруднений. Кроме того, любой опытный учитель с легкостью отличит самостоятельно выполненную работу учащегося от списанной с ключей.

8.1

1f 2b 3h 4d 5g 6c 7e 8a

8.2

1d 2a 3c 4h 5f 6g 7b 8e

8.3

1. left 2. shut 3. been declared (пассивный залог будет рассмотрен далее) 4. wound 5. watched 6. gained 7. started 8. been 9. lost 10. understood 11. thrown 12. counted 13. invented 14. promised 15. copied

8.4

1. came 2. had arrived, invited 3. began, heard 4. heard, had struck 5. didn’t realize, had made 6. peeped, took, perked 7. fell, had sprung 8. heard, saw 9. supposed, had dropped 10. turned out, had given 11. had tested, released 12. tested, released, had planned 13. dropped, continued 14. had laid, came 15. started, got, found

8.5

1. had arrived, broke out 2. had repaired, broke down 3. had made, ate 4. had come out, bought 5. had finished, came up 6. had painted, bought 7. had come, had to leave 8. had taken, made off 9. had heard, recognized 10. had gone, began

8.6

A. 1. Barbara had learnt Spanish for some years before she went to Spain. 2. We hadn’t finished the redecoration of the flat by the end of the last month. 3. After I had done a hundred of tests I was not afraid to take the exam in English. 4. After dad had explained the topic in Geometry to me, I was able to solve the majority of problems. 5. When Steve saw Christine for the first time, he realized that he had met her somewhere before. 6. When something popped in the lawn-mower it became clear that we had overlooked something important in the manual. 7. By the time the film finished more than half of the audience had already left the cinema. 8. They found out in the forest that someone had already picked up the mushrooms on the spot they knew really well. 9. When we came back to the park, it was cold and the swans had already flown away. 10. By the time Erich returned to Germany he had nearly forgotten his mother tongue and spoke mostly English.

B. 1. What exams had you taken before you entered the University? 2. How had they printed books before computers appeared? 3. Where had Tom lived before he came to Sweden? 4. How long had Hemingway collected (the) material before he wrote the novel? 5. How long had you parents lived in Spain before they got their citizenship? 6. How long had they restored the car before they were able to drive it? 7. Had you thought carefully before you frittered away all your money on that motorbike? 8. Had you read the book before you watched the film based on it? 9. Had you booked the hotel rooms before you went to the Netherlands? 10. Why hadn’t you switched off your phones before the exam began?

C. 1. Hardly had we replaced the lightbulb when the new one burnt out again. 2. Hardly had Mr Wilson finished the lecture when the students hurried to him to get his autograph. 3. No sooner had I come home than the phone rang. 4. Hardly had the children dried off when they rushed to the water again. 5. No sooner had the train stopped than the soldiers began to jump out of the carriages. 6. Hardly had we jumped into the house when it started pouring. 7. Hardly had he taken the examination card when he realized that he didn’t know the answers to either of the questions. 8. Hardly had the bus pulled out when Tom fell asleep. 9. No sooner had I taken ten photos than the camera battery died. 10. Hardly had we ridden a kilometre when the chain came off Nick’s bike.

8.7

1. has 2. had 3. hadn’t 4. haven’t 5. had 6. has 7. has 8. had 9. have 10. had 11. had 12. has, has 13. had 14. haven’t

8.8

1. It hasn’t stopped snowing yet. 2. When we went outside at midnight it hadn’t stopped snowing yet. 3. The teacher hasn’t explained the task to us yet. 4. Before we began taking the test the teacher had explained each task to us in detail. 5. We haven’t corrected the mistake on the last page. 6. Had you corrected the mistake on the last page before you handed in your report? 7. When we got to the theatre the play had begun. 8. The play has already begun! Be quick to come in! 9. How many trees had you cut down by the end of the day yesterday? 10. How many trees have you cut down today?

8.9

1. am getting, don’t think, will watch 2. did your question puzzle, did you notice 3. did Columbus discover, was, remember 4. has happened, met, got, moved 5. defeated, had been 6. turned out, had made, were/had been 7. are you driving at, have asked, will do, has not come, remember 8. had we received, understood, had come, were 9. are, will have to/have to, come 10. was, thought, did

8.10

A. 1. to be 2. to say 3. to break out 4. to come 5. to bring 6. to be 7. to help 8. to influence 9. to attack 10. to have

B. 1. Nobody expected 2. How did you expect 3. Everyone expected 4. Mary didn’t expect 5. Did you really expect

C. 1. What did you expect them to do? 2. Didn’t you expect her to call at the weekend? 3. The scientist didn’t expect the Academy to award him the prize. 4. The employees expect the company to raise the salary next month. 5. We don’t expect the weather to change next week.

8.11

A. 1. to become 2. to worry 3. to come 4. to interfere 5. to write out 6. to spend 7. to reply 8. to fly 9. to join 10. to change

B. 1. to tell you 2. Some parents want 3. to be happy 4. The students want 5. to let me down again

C. 1. Why do you want me to stop the car? 2. Did they want you to tell them the whole truth? 3. We just didn’t want you to waste your time. 4. When did Sally want me to come over to them? 5. Which of you wanted the whole class to go to the country on the last school day?

8.12

1. Do you really think him to be a suspicious person? 2. Everyone knows him to be a very responsible worker. 3. Who finds this film to be interesting? 4. I know that you consider her to be irresponsible but she is far from being like that. 5. A lot of people, especially the older generation, believe the Internet and computer games to be a sheer waste of time. 6. Once my younger brother found comic books to be interesting. 7. We have never thought you to be stupid; you just cannot concentrate on anything definite and finish the exercise. 8. We all think proper education to be one of the most important things in life. 9. The contemporaries of the writer found his style to be heavy (verbose, unwieldy) and his works to be unfit for reading. 10. You have always thought him to be your friend and he (has) turned out to be a traitor and a liar.

8.13

1. We wouldn’t like you to come to classes when you are ill. 2. Would you like the children to draw anything for the holiday? 3. I would like you to try on this jacket. 4. I would like you to pay more attention to yourself. 5. (The) children would like (their) teachers to give them only good marks. 6. Polly would like all her friends to come to her birthday party. 7. Would you like me to draw your portrait (in pencil)? 8. Many of us wouldn’t like our History teacher to leave the school (обратите внимание на артикль – здесь имеется в виду конкретная школа, к тому же ‘to leave school’ – имеет значение «оканчивать школу»). 9. I would like you to keep calm and eat up your chocolate bar. 10. They wouldn’t like the correspondent to ask (them) too personal questions.

8.14

1. Didn’t you feel the button come off your coat? 2. Harry noticed something move in the distance. 3. I have never heard Jim’s mother swear at him. 4. Harry’s young brother used to watch the steamboats slowly make their way up the river. 5. Once I saw a raccoon sneak a mat out of our neighbour’s house. 6. Tom was asleep and didn’t hear the teacher say his name. 7. Nobody noticed the cat squeeze into the room. 8. We are watching dolphins jump out of the water around our cruise ship right now. 9. Sylvia took the kitten in her hands and felt his heart beat faster. 10. Have you ever seen a dog walk on rear paws?

8.15

1. Don’t make them work at the weekend. 2. What made you change your mind and return to Washington? 3. Let me leave all my things at your place till Monday. 4. Don’t let the children play with matches and sharp items. 5. Parents make children brush their teeth in childhood. 6. The teacher didn’t let the students use dictionaries during the examination. 7. We don’t let the dog walk without a muzzle on during (the) strolls in town. 8. Why do you let your son cut class? 9. I think our parents will make us go to the country at the weekend. 10. Such films usually make the audience cry.

8.16

1. I don’t like you to ask stupid questions. 2. We hate the neighbours’ dog to bark at night and not let us sleep. 3. The children like their granny to tell them fairy-tales. 4. I hate people to come late. 5. Do you like your friends to come to you without notice? 6. My dog hates cats walk outside along the fence, and it can’t catch them. 7. All children like their parents to praise them. 8. I like you to surprise me unexpectedly. 9. I hate anyone to jump the queue. 10. Perfectionists hate anyone to break symmetry.

8.17

A. 1. The teacher saw that we didn’t understand the message of the story. 2. Did you hear that the Browns have gone abroad for half a year? 3. Simon felt that that man had deceived him. 4. Did you hear that a/the new Harry Potter book has come out? 5. I noticed that only half of the students had grasped the material.

B. 1. We saw that Ann was unusually pale and was probably sick. 2. Did you notice that most of the audience were foreigners? 3. We didn’t see that the main entrance was closed. 4. Didn’t you notice that there was a note for you on the table? 5. The teacher saw that all the students were tired and let them go home 15 minutes earlier.

8.18

1. Did you see the plane land in a strong wind? 2. Did you see the plane landing in a strong wind? 3. I heard somebody walking under the windows at night. 4. Did you hear the snow slide off the roof at night? 5. The townsmen watched the rescue team save the fishermen from an ice-floe. 6. Didn’t you notice the school bus drive by? 7. I used to see foxes hunt mice when I walked across the field by the forest. 8. Tom and Huck notice Injun Joe put a knife into Muff Potter’s hand. 9. Nobody saw the exhibit disappear. 10. They didn’t hear the alarm clock go off.

8.19

is, has lived, remembers, was, worked, used, says, enlisted, spent, lay, had, returned, found, had left, look, am not, is, built, have never lived, has retained, am looking, see, think, will call, am, will be, comes, helps, has, means, is coming/will come, keeps, is, used, retired, knew/had known, was and still is, have changed/are changing/change, is not interested, took, has never let, admires, includes, says, likes, used, misses, had developed, appeared, has organized, understand, there will be/there is going to be, are opening, have always admired, get older and reach, will be

8.20

1. He hadn’t learnt Italian before he went to Italy.

2. He used to study Italian/studied Italian some time ago but he has forgotten nearly everything now.

3. Where are you now? – I am at the lawyer’s; we haven’t finished working with the documents. I think I’ll be back home in an hour and a half. – Are you going by car? – No, I left the car at home and came here by the underground.

4. Maria’s son wants to become an explorer when he gets older. – Does he? – You can’t imagine how keen he is on travelling. I think he has already watched all the TV shows about travelling and travelers. – has he ever been abroad? – Yes, he has. His parents always take him with them. Besides, they had lived for three years in Canada before they returned to Russia. – I didn’t know that they lived abroad. – Ann’s sister is still there. She works as a doctor and she is going to get married.

5. Once you have ridden such a bicycle, you will never want to ride the old one again. – It is yours, right? – Not mine yet, this is my friend’s bike. He has used it only for half of the season and I’m going to buy it (from him). – Doesn’t/didn’t your friend like the bike? – No, everything is okay, but his uncle has given him even a more modern one as a present. I haven’t seen it yet.

6. I haven’t charged the phone for three days by now and it is still working. – Do you remember, there used to be such phones that lasted for a week? – I had (had) one before I bought my first smartphone.

7. When we arrived at the airport it turned out that they had delayed the flight. – And what did you do? – We had to wait for a couple of hours. – By the way, I’m flying to Sweden for a few days. – When are you coming back? – On Wednesday. Just imagine, I thought yesterday that I had lost my ticket and didn’t know what to do. – Did you find it? (Have you found it?) – Only today. – And where did you stick it? – It was in the glove compartment.

8. You must be tired. Wait until I make some tea. – Okay, I’ll read the magazine. Have you heard the news? – What news? – The governor is coming to us. – But he has been here quite recently. – He might take a look at what is going on at the construction site of the automobile plant. – I thought they had already built it.

8.21

Remember, went/had gone, a little, had been, much, believed, had taken, needed, little, had been/were, came, realized, had left, do you think, returned, is, any, took, some, made, a few, looked, had spent, a few, came, was, mine, left, went, a few, returned, waggle, didn’t happen, were able, hadn’t caught, have gone, a lot of times, then, have caught, a lot of, will, first